The MAST team discussed and proposed this classification, and is composed of:
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Non-tariff measures (NTMs) are generally defined as policy measures other than ordinary customs tariffs that can potentially have an economic effect on international trade in goods, changing quantities traded, or prices or both.
Since this definition is broad, a detailed classification is of critical importance so as to better identify and distinguish among the various forms of non-tariff measures.
The classification of non-tariff measures presented here is a taxonomy of all those measures considered relevant in today’s situation in international trade. It was extensively discussed and agreed upon by several international organizations forming what was called the MAST group (Multi-Agency Support Team) to support the Group of Eminent Persons on Non-tariff Barriers established by the Secretary General of UNCTAD in 2006. Its work ranged from 2007 to 2012, during which time the classification was tested in the field for data collection.
This version is presented as the 2012 version, the outcome of that discussion and testing. The classification is seen as evolving and should adapt to the reality of international trade and data collection needs.
This classification comprises technical measures, such as sanitary or environmental protection measures, as well as others traditionally used as instruments of commercial policy, e.g. quotas, price control, exports restrictions, or contingent trade protective measures, and also other behind-the-border measures, such as competition, trade-related investment measures, government procurement or distribution restrictions.
This classification does not judge on legitimacy, adequacy, necessity or discrimination of any form of policy intervention used in international trade. It acknowledges existence and is designed to organize information in a database format.
Transparent, reliable and comparable information can contribute to an understanding of the phenomenon and help exporters worldwide to access information, as it happens with tariffs. Transparent information is also needed for any negotiations that could lead to harmonization and mutual recognition and thus enhance trade.
